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Laravel 11: Small Reservation Project Step-By-Step
Company Owner: Manages Users Manage Activities and Assign Guides

Managing Guides

Before implementing the creation of the users with the role of Guide, we asked the client one question again.

Question: Who will be able to manage guides? Only company owners? Or would administrators need this feature, too? Answer: No, only company owners will manage guides for their company. What it means to us: No additional changes to the structure are needed.

From this answer, we now know that a lot of code made within the previous CRUD for Company Owner can be reused. It's the same managing of Users, just with a different role.

This is how projects are usually created: you uncover feature after feature, looking back to see if you can reuse previous functionality or need to perform some code refactoring with each "new layer".

Guides CRUD actions

So, as always, we need a Controller and to add Routes. Again this Controller will be a Nested Resource.

php artisan make:controller CompanyGuideController

routes/web.php

use App\Http\Controllers\CompanyGuideController;
 
Route::middleware('auth')->group(function () {
    // ...
 
    Route::resource('companies.users', CompanyUserController::class)->except('show');
    Route::resource('companies.guides', CompanyGuideController::class)->except('show'); 
});

For the navigation, we will add it after the Administrators link in the same if statement.

resources/views/layouts/navigation.blade.php:

// ...
<!-- Navigation Links -->
<div class="hidden space-x-8 sm:-my-px sm:ml-10 sm:flex">
    <x-nav-link :href="route('dashboard')" :active="request()->routeIs('dashboard')">
        {{ __('Dashboard') }}
    </x-nav-link>
    @if(auth()->user()->role_id === \App\Enums\Role::ADMINISTRATOR->value)
        <x-nav-link :href="route('companies.index')" :active="request()->routeIs('companies.index')">
            {{ __('Companies') }}
        </x-nav-link>
    @endif
    @if(auth()->user()->role_id === \App\Enums\Role::COMPANY_OWNER->value)
        <x-nav-link :href="route('companies.users.index', auth()->user()->company_id)" :active="request()->routeIs('companies.users.*')">
            {{ __('Administrators') }}
        </x-nav-link>
        <x-nav-link :href="route('companies.guides.index', auth()->user()->company_id)" :active="request()->routeIs('companies.guides.*')"> 
            {{ __('Guides') }}
        </x-nav-link> 
    @endif
</div>
// ...

guides link visible only for company owner

For the validation, we will again use the Form Requests.

php artisan make:request StoreGuideRequest
php artisan make:request UpdateGuideRequest

app/Http/Requests/StoreGuideRequest.php:

use Illuminate\Validation\Rules;
 
class StoreGuideRequest extends FormRequest
{
    public function authorize(): bool
    {
        return true;
    }
 
    public function rules(): array
    {
        return [
            'name' => ['required', 'string'],
            'email' => ['required', 'email', 'unique:users,email'],
            'password' => ['required', Rules\Password::defaults()],
        ];
    }
}

app/Http/Requests/UpdateGuideRequest.php:

class UpdateGuideRequest extends FormRequest
{
    public function authorize(): bool
    {
        return true;
    }
 
    public function rules(): array
    {
        return [
            'name' => ['required', 'string'],
            'email' => ['required', 'email', 'unique:users,email,' . $this->guide->id],
        ];
    }
}

The Controller is almost identical to the CompanyUserController. We can even reuse the same Policy for the permissions. We must change everything from users to guides.

app/Http/Controllers/CompanyGuideController.php:

use App\Enums\Role;
use App\Models\User;
use App\Models\Company;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Gate;
use App\Http\Requests\StoreGuideRequest;
use App\Http\Requests\UpdateGuideRequest;
 
class CompanyGuideController extends Controller
{
    public function index(Company $company)
    {
        Gate::authorize('viewAny', $company);
 
        $guides = $company->users()->where('role_id', Role::COMPANY_OWNER->value)->get();
 
        return view('companies.guides.index', compact('company', 'guides'));
    }
 
    public function create(Company $company)
    {
        Gate::authorize('create', $company);
 
        return view('companies.guides.create', compact('company'));
    }
 
    public function store(StoreGuideRequest $request, Company $company)
    {
        Gate::authorize('create', $company);
 
        $company->users()->create([
            'name' => $request->input('name'),
            'email' => $request->input('email'),
            'password' => bcrypt($request->input('password')),
            'role_id' => Role::GUIDE->value,
        ]);
 
        return to_route('companies.guides.index', $company);
    }
 
    public function edit(Company $company, User $guide)
    {
        Gate::authorize('update', $company);
 
        return view('companies.guides.edit', compact('company', 'guide'));
    }
 
    public function update(UpdateGuideRequest $request, Company $company, User $guide)
    {
        Gate::authorize('update', $company);
 
        $guide->update($request->validated());
 
        return to_route('companies.guides.index', $company);
    }
 
    public function destroy(Company $company, User $guide)
    {
        Gate::authorize('delete', $company);
 
        $guide->delete();
 
        return to_route('companies.guides.index', $company);
    }
}

For the views, because this is again a Nested Controller and belongs to a Company, all Blade files will be saved in the resources/views/companies/guides directory. Here are the Blade files for listing, creating, and editing guides.

resources/views/companies/guides/index.blade.php:

<x-app-layout>
    <x-slot name="header">
        <h2 class="text-xl font-semibold leading-tight text-gray-800">
            {{ __('Company guides') }}
        </h2>
    </x-slot>
 
    <div class="py-12">
        <div class="mx-auto max-w-7xl sm:px-6 lg:px-8">
            <div class="overflow-hidden bg-white shadow-sm sm:rounded-lg">
                <div class="overflow-hidden overflow-x-auto border-b border-gray-200 bg-white p-6">
 
                    <a href="{{ route('companies.guides.create', $company) }}"
                       class="mb-4 inline-flex items-center rounded-md border border-gray-300 bg-white px-4 py-2 text-xs font-semibold uppercase tracking-widest text-gray-700 shadow-sm transition duration-150 ease-in-out hover:bg-gray-50 focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-indigo-500 focus:ring-offset-2 disabled:opacity-25">
                        Create
                    </a>
 
                    <div class="min-w-full align-middle">
                        <table class="min-w-full border divide-y divide-gray-200">
                            <thead>
                            <tr>
                                <th class="bg-gray-50 px-6 py-3 text-left">
                                    <span class="text-xs font-medium uppercase leading-4 tracking-wider text-gray-500">Name</span>
                                </th>
                                <th class="w-56 bg-gray-50 px-6 py-3 text-left">
                                </th>
                            </tr>
                            </thead>
 
                            <tbody class="bg-white divide-y divide-gray-200 divide-solid">
                                @foreach($guides as $guide)
                                    <tr class="bg-white">
                                        <td class="px-6 py-4 text-sm leading-5 text-gray-900 whitespace-no-wrap">
                                            {{ $guide->name }}
                                        </td>
                                        <td class="px-6 py-4 text-sm leading-5 text-gray-900 whitespace-no-wrap">
                                            <a href="{{ route('companies.guides.edit', [$company, $guide]) }}"
                                               class="inline-flex items-center rounded-md border border-gray-300 bg-white px-4 py-2 text-xs font-semibold uppercase tracking-widest text-gray-700 shadow-sm transition duration-150 ease-in-out hover:bg-gray-50 focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-indigo-500 focus:ring-offset-2 disabled:opacity-25">
                                                Edit
                                            </a>
                                            <form action="{{ route('companies.guides.destroy', [$company, $guide]) }}" method="POST" onsubmit="return confirm('Are you sure?')" style="display: inline-block;">
                                                @csrf
                                                @method('DELETE')
                                                <x-danger-button>
                                                    Delete
                                                </x-danger-button>
                                            </form>
                                        </td>
                                    </tr>
                                @endforeach
                            </tbody>
                        </table>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</x-app-layout>

resources/views/companies/guides/create.blade.php:

<x-app-layout>
    <x-slot name="header">
        <h2 class="text-xl font-semibold leading-tight text-gray-800">
            {{ __('Create Guide User for Company') }}: {{ $company->name }}
        </h2>
    </x-slot>
 
    <div class="py-12">
        <div class="mx-auto max-w-7xl sm:px-6 lg:px-8">
            <div class="overflow-hidden bg-white shadow-sm sm:rounded-lg">
                <div class="overflow-hidden overflow-x-auto border-b border-gray-200 bg-white p-6">
                    <form action="{{ route('companies.guides.store', $company) }}" method="POST">
                        @csrf
 
                        <div>
                            <x-input-label for="name" value="Name" />
                            <x-text-input id="name" name="name" value="{{ old('name') }}" type="text" class="block mt-1 w-full" />
                            <x-input-error :messages="$errors->get('name')" class="mt-2" />
                        </div>
 
                        <div class="mt-4">
                            <x-input-label for="email" value="Email" />
                            <x-text-input id="email" name="email" value="{{ old('email') }}" type="text" class="block mt-1 w-full" />
                            <x-input-error :messages="$errors->get('email')" class="mt-2" />
                        </div>
 
                        <div class="mt-4">
                            <x-input-label for="password" value="Password" />
                            <x-text-input id="password" name="password" value="{{ old('password') }}" type="password" class="block mt-1 w-full" />
                            <x-input-error :messages="$errors->get('password')" class="mt-2" />
                        </div>
 
                        <div class="mt-4">
                            <x-primary-button>
                                Save
                            </x-primary-button>
                        </div>
                    </form>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</x-app-layout>

resources/views/companies/guides/edit.blade.php:

<x-app-layout>
    <x-slot name="header">
        <h2 class="text-xl font-semibold leading-tight text-gray-800">
            {{ __('Edit User') }}: {{ $user->name }}
        </h2>
    </x-slot>
 
    <div class="py-12">
        <div class="mx-auto max-w-7xl sm:px-6 lg:px-8">
            <div class="overflow-hidden bg-white shadow-sm sm:rounded-lg">
                <div class="overflow-hidden overflow-x-auto border-b border-gray-200 bg-white p-6">
                    <form action="{{ route('companies.users.update', [$company, $user]) }}" method="POST">
                        @csrf
                        @method('PUT')
 
                        <div>
                            <x-input-label for="name" value="Name" />
                            <x-text-input id="name" name="name" value="{{ old('name', $user->name) }}" type="text" class="block mt-1 w-full" />
                            <x-input-error :messages="$errors->get('name')" class="mt-2" />
                        </div>
 
                        <div class="mt-4">
                            <x-input-label for="email" value="Email" />
                            <x-text-input id="email" name="email" value="{{ old('email', $user->email) }}" type="text" class="block mt-1 w-full" />
                            <x-input-error :messages="$errors->get('email')" class="mt-2" />
                        </div>
 
                        <div class="mt-4">
                            <x-primary-button>
                                Save
                            </x-primary-button>
                        </div>
                    </form>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</x-app-layout>

listing company guides

Tests

Before adding the tests, again, we need to add another Factory State for the Guide role.

database/factories/UserFactory.php:

use App\Enums\Role;
 
class UserFactory extends Factory
{
    // ...
 
    public function guide(): static
    {
        return $this->state(fn (array $attributes) => [
            'role_id' => Role::GUIDE->value,
        ]);
    }
}

Now, we can create the test.

php artisan make:test CompanyGuideTest

What we will test is identical to the CompanyUserTest. We will check if the user with the Company Owner role can do CRUD actions for his company and cannot do any for other companies.

tests/Feature/CompanyGuideTest.php:

use App\Models\User;
use App\Models\Company;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;
use Tests\TestCase;
 
class CompanyGuideTest extends TestCase
{
    use RefreshDatabase;
 
    public function test_company_owner_can_view_his_companies_guides()
    {
        $company = Company::factory()->create();
        $user = User::factory()->companyOwner()->create(['company_id' => $company->id]);
        $secondUser = User::factory()->guide()->create(['company_id' => $company->id]);
 
        $response = $this->actingAs($user)->get(route('companies.guides.index', $company->id));
 
        $response->assertOk()
            ->assertSeeText($secondUser->name);
    }
 
    public function test_company_owner_cannot_view_other_companies_guides()
    {
        $company = Company::factory()->create();
        $company2 = Company::factory()->create();
        $user = User::factory()->companyOwner()->create(['company_id' => $company->id]);
 
        $response = $this->actingAs($user)->get(route('companies.guides.index', $company2->id));
 
        $response->assertForbidden();
    }
 
    public function test_company_owner_can_create_guide_to_his_company()
    {
        $company = Company::factory()->create();
        $user = User::factory()->companyOwner()->create(['company_id' => $company->id]);
 
        $response = $this->actingAs($user)->post(route('companies.guides.store', $company->id), [
            'name' => 'test user',
            'email' => 'test@test.com',
            'password' => 'password',
        ]);
 
        $response->assertRedirect(route('companies.guides.index', $company->id));
 
        $this->assertDatabaseHas('users', [
            'name' => 'test user',
            'email' => 'test@test.com',
            'company_id' => $company->id,
        ]);
    }
 
    public function test_company_owner_cannot_create_guide_to_other_company()
    {
        $company = Company::factory()->create();
        $company2 = Company::factory()->create();
        $user = User::factory()->companyOwner()->create(['company_id' => $company->id]);
 
        $response = $this->actingAs($user)->post(route('companies.guides.store', $company2->id), [
            'name' => 'test user',
            'email' => 'test@test.com',
            'password' => 'password',
        ]);
 
        $response->assertForbidden();
    }
 
    public function test_company_owner_can_edit_guide_for_his_company()
    {
        $company = Company::factory()->create();
        $user = User::factory()->companyOwner()->create(['company_id' => $company->id]);
        $guide = User::factory()->guide()->create(['company_id' => $company->id]);
 
        $response = $this->actingAs($user)->put(route('companies.guides.update', [$company->id, $guide->id]), [
            'name' => 'updated user',
            'email' => 'test@update.com',
        ]);
 
        $response->assertRedirect(route('companies.guides.index', $company->id));
 
        $this->assertDatabaseHas('users', [
            'name' => 'updated user',
            'email' => 'test@update.com',
            'company_id' => $company->id,
        ]);
    }
 
    public function test_company_owner_cannot_edit_guide_for_other_company()
    {
        $company = Company::factory()->create();
        $company2 = Company::factory()->create();
        $user = User::factory()->companyOwner()->create(['company_id' => $company->id]);
 
        $response = $this->actingAs($user)->put(route('companies.guides.update', [$company2->id, $user->id]), [
            'name' => 'updated user',
            'email' => 'test@update.com',
        ]);
 
        $response->assertForbidden();
    }
 
    public function test_company_owner_can_delete_guide_for_his_company()
    {
        $company = Company::factory()->create();
        $user = User::factory()->companyOwner()->create(['company_id' => $company->id]);
        $guide = User::factory()->guide()->create(['company_id' => $company->id]);
 
        $response = $this->actingAs($user)->delete(route('companies.guides.update', [$company->id, $guide->id]));
 
        $response->assertRedirect(route('companies.guides.index', $company->id));
 
        $this->assertSoftDeleted($guide);
    }
 
    public function test_company_owner_cannot_delete_guide_for_other_company()
    {
        $company = Company::factory()->create();
        $company2 = Company::factory()->create();
        $user = User::factory()->companyOwner()->create(['company_id' => $company->id]);
 
        $response = $this->actingAs($user)->delete(route('companies.guides.update', [$company2->id, $user->id]));
 
        $response->assertForbidden();
    }
}

Great! It's all green.

Final notice for this lesson: you probably have noticed that functionality for managing guides is almost identical to managing company owners in the previous lessons. So wouldn't it be better to refactor the code and make it into one CRUD with some parameter like role_id?

Yes and no. It depends on the specific situation: in this case, the code parts are identical for now. But there's a big possibility that Guides will have their own extra fields and logic in the future, like uploading their photo or CV, languages spoken, etc. So, I decided to keep those CRUDs separate.

Company Owner: Manages Users Manage Activities and Assign Guides

Course Content

Lessons List

01 Client Description to Plan of Action
02 Laravel Breeze and Companies CRUD
03 Admin Role and Companies
04 Admin: Managing Users
05 Company Owner: Manages Users
06 Managing Guides
07 Manage Activities and Assign Guides
08 After the First Client Review
09 Homepage
10 Registration to Activity
11 My Activities and Cancel
12 Guide Activities
13 Guide: Export PDF